21世纪我国物流业发展面临的机遇与挑战浅析

我国物流业的发展经历了从无到有、从传统的简单物流模式发展到现代新型的物流模式阶段,走过了一条曲折的道路。尤其是进入21世纪以来,随着我国加入WTO协定,企业所面临的市场竞争是前所未有的,机遇与挑战并存。为参与国际竞争,企业必须通过降低成本、扩大销售、提高自身核心竞争力等一系列的措施和方法来应对,以便在国际市场激烈的竞争环境中取得优势,占有一席之地。因此,必须积极把握机遇,迎接挑战。     

Goodness-of-fit tests for discrete models based on the integrated distribution function

This paper presents a new widely applicable omnibus test for discrete distributions which is based on the difference between the integrated distribution function Ψ(t)=∫_t ^∞ (1−F(x))dx and its empirical counterpart. A bootstrap version of the test for common lattice models has accurate error rates even for small samples and exhibits high power with respect to competitive procedures over a large range of alternatives. Received: July 1998     

Generalized densities of order statistics

Let X ₁, ... , X _n be independent identically distributed random variables with distribution F . We derive expressions for generalized joint 'densities' of order statistics of X ₁, ... , X _n , for arbitrary distributions F , in terms of Radon–Nikodym derivatives with respect to product measures based on F . We then give formulae for conditional distributions of order statistics and use them to derive results concerning Markov properties of order statistics, formulae for distributions of trimmed sums, and other useful representations. Our approach leads to simple and natural expressions which appear not to have been given before.     

关于地勘单位企业化经营的研究——在地勘单位企业化经营研讨会上的发言

文章系作者在中国地质矿产经济学会组织召开的地勘单位企业化经营研讨会上的发言。文章分三部分详细阐述了如何认识国办发〔1999〕3 7号文提出的地勘队伍属地化管理、地勘单位企业化经营的改革 ;怎样组织实施这项改革 ;当前应抓好的几项工作。     

The geography of tourism: An introduction

The geography of tourism is limited by a dearth of published research in geographic journals, the relatively few individuals who actively participate in the sub-discipline, and the lack of prestige the subject matter specialty has in geography. Despite these imperfections geographers make important contributions to the study of tourism because of their unique point-of-view. This characteristic perspective is seen in the context of a conceptual frame-of-reference which consists of a matrix based on two trichotomies. An analysis and interpretation of this framework and its application to the nine substantive articles included in the special issue constitute a majority of the article.     

论社会主义市场经济条件下市场机制与政府作用关系

在社会主义市场经济建设过程中，要注意协调好市场机制和政府作用的关系。市场经济中，市场机制应处于资源配置的基础地位。要致力于创造一个公开、公正、公平的市场不环境，加强与市场经济相适应的法制建设，使市场机制得以有产地发挥作用，提高经济效率。由于不完全竞争、外部性等原因，存在“市场失灵”现象，下令在经济中也要发挥积极作用，如调整收入分配、维护社会公平、通过财政政策和货币政策维护经济稳定、消除失业、实现经     

河北省大中型工业企业发展现状,问题和对策

该文阐明了目前大中型工业企业呈现的特点，指出了大中型企业在建立现代企业制度中面临的困难和问题，提出了促进其步入健康发展轨道的措施。     

Capitalism and democracy in the 21st century: a Kaleckian interpretation of a Schumpeterian problem

The paper reinterprets Schumpeter's views on the dynamic effects of taxation, as originally expressed in Crisis of the Tax State, from a Kaleckian perspective. In light of Schumpeter's rejection of Keynesian and Marshallian approaches to taxation, the paper argues that a recently developed Kaleckian approach provides an appropriate basis from which to analyse the effects on the business cycle of balanced changes in the structure of taxation. It is shown that, under certain shifting assumptions, increases in the taxation of wages or profits will stimulate investment and attenuate the amplitude of the business cycle. Ultimately, the shifting of taxes reduces to a conflict over income shares. The changing distribution of income in the United Kingdom in recent years suggests that investment is likely to remain sluggish unless there is a significant reversal of income shares. This may give rise to increasing economic and political tensions into the 21st century.     

Must we choose? European unemployment, American inequality, and the impact of education and labor market institutions

In the last 15 years, two equilibria have arisen in the advanced world. On the one hand, wage dispersion has widened in those countries where unemployment has remained low (with cyclical variations). On the other hand, wherever income inequality has remained unchanged, unemployment has shot upwards. To account for these distinct patterns, we develop a political–economic model showing that, controlling for the skills of the population, the effects of technological and trade shocks (that have affected OECD nations) that are contingent on the institutional rules in place. Economies with generous unemployment allowances adjust through subsidized unemployment. By contrast, low levels of social protection lead to less unemployment but wider wage dispersion. The level of qualifications of the labor force determines the extent of the adjustment for a given institutional arrangement. We derive, in turn, the institutional structure of each country from the political conditions in place at the time of the shock. The empirical part successfully tests the model for the sample of European regions and US states.     

对生产资料所有制问题的政治经济学思考

生产资料所有制实际上是一个积累主体的选择问题。不同的积累主体具有不同的积累动力和积累效率，从而决定着生产资料积累的状况，进而成为人们考虑选择积累主体的重要因素。由于生产资料所有者承担着积累主体的职能，因此他必然要凭借生产资料的所有权参与社会产品的分配，获得一个相应的份额，做为进行生产资料积累的物质基础。生产资料所有者的社会福利水平应以他用于消费的部分为依据，将其同社会的一般福利水平进行比较，由此来